Nichrome
Nichrome is a group of precision metals and alloys, which consists of 55−78% nickel, 15−23% chromium with addition of additives such as Al, Mn, Si and Fe.
General characteristics
Nichrome belongs to group of metals with powerful electrical resistance. Among properties of nichrome also emit:
- Excellent heat resistance;
- Excellent mechanical characteristics;
- Plastic;
- Easy weldability;
- Resistant to deformation at above 400 °C;
- Does not magnetize.
Such properties make it possible to use alloys to create number of materials, including heating elements of laboratory and industrial electric furnaces.
Application area
Nichrome and nichrome alloys are used in electric furnaces (from domestic to industrial), thermal appliances and resistor elements. Today nichrome threads are also used in electronic cigarette vaporizers.
In metal rolling, nichrome materials are acquired in form of threads, wire, sheets and other products.
Steel grades
Of most popular brands of nichrome, alloys are distinguished:
Alloy grades |
Chemical composition, % |
Standard | ||||||||||||||||||||
GOST |
Wnr |
Uns |
Fe |
Si |
Mg |
Bi |
Mn |
Co |
Cr |
Ti |
Cu |
Ni |
Sb |
Al |
Pb |
As |
P |
C |
S |
Ni + Co |
Impurities | |
NMcAk2−2-1 |
2.4122 |
- |
<0.3 |
0.85−1.5 |
<0.05 |
<0.002 |
1.8−2.7 |
0.6−1.2 |
<0.25 |
<0.002 |
1.6−2.4 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
<0.005 |
<0.1 |
<0.01 |
91.5−95.15 |
GOST 492−2006 | ||||
Nh9,5 |
- |
- |
<0.3 |
<0.4 |
<0.05 |
<0.002 |
<0.3 |
0.6−1.2 |
9−10 |
<0.25 |
85.729−90.4 |
<0.002 |
<0.15 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
<0.003 |
<0.2 |
<0.01 |
<1.4 |
GOST 1790−16 | ||
MNMc43−0,5 |
CuNi44Mn1 |
C72150 |
<0.15 |
<0.1 |
<0.05 |
<0.002 |
0.1−1 |
53.98−57.4 |
42.5−44 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
<0.002 |
<0.1 |
<0.01 |
<0.6 |
GOST 1790−16 | |||||
MNMc40−1,5 |
- |
CuNi44 |
<0.5 |
<0.1 |
<0.05 |
<0.002 |
1−2 |
55.306−60 |
39−41 |
<0.002 |
<0.005 |
<0.01 |
<0.005 |
<0.1 |
<0.02 |
<0.9 |
GOST 492−1973 | |||||
H20N80 |
2.4869 |
NiCr 80/20 |
<1.5 |
0.9−1.5 |
<0.7 |
20−23 |
<0.3 |
72.65−79.1 |
<0.2 |
<0.03 |
<0.1 |
<0.02 |
GOST 10994−74 | |||||||||
In addition to them, there are also superalloys on sale:
Alloy grades |
Chemical composition, % |
Standard | |||||||||||||||
GOST |
Wnr |
Uns |
Fe |
Si |
Mn |
Cr |
Ti |
Cu |
Ni |
Ba |
Al |
Ce |
P |
C |
S |
W | |
HN35VT, EI |
- |
- |
38.23−47.1 |
<0.6 |
1−2 |
14−16 |
1.1−1.5 |
34−38 |
<0.03 |
<0.12 |
<0.02 |
2.8−3.5 |
GOST 5632−72 | ||||
HN45U, EI |
- |
- |
30.825−38.1 |
<1 |
<1 |
15−17 |
44−46 |
<0.1 |
2.9−3.9 |
<0.03 |
<0.025 |
<0.1 |
<0.02 |
GOST 5632−72 | |||
HN60VT, EI868, VZh98 |
- |
- |
<4 |
<0.8 |
<0.5 |
23.5−26.5 |
0.3−0.7 |
50.874−63.2 |
<0.5 |
<0.013 |
<0.1 |
<0.013 |
13−16 |
GOST 5632−72 | |||
HN70U, EI |
2.4872 |
- |
<1 |
<0.8 |
<0.3 |
26−29 |
<0.07 |
65.073−71.2 |
<0.1 |
2.8−3.5 |
<0.03 |
<0.015 |
<0.1 |
<0.012 |
GOST 5632−72 | ||
These nichrome alloys are used daily in many areas of both industry and everyday life.
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Mass units
| Kilogram (kg) | Metric ton (mt) | Pound (lb) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 000 | 1 | 2 200.62 |
| 1 | 0.001 | 2.20 |
| 0.4536 | 1 |